Controllers＞UserController.cs

[HttpPut]
public async Task<IActionResult> UpdateUser(UpdateUserDto updateUser)
{
    var result = await _userService.UpdateUser(updateUser);
    return result;
}

Dtos＞UserDto.cs

public class UpdateUserDto
{
    [EmailAddress]
    [MaxLength(100)]
    [DefaultValue("XXX@gmail.com")]
    public string? Email { get; set; }

    [MaxLength(100)]
    [DefaultValue("Dylan")]
    public string? Username { get; set; }

    [Phone]
    [MaxLength(100)]
    [DefaultValue("0912345678")]
    public string? Phone { get; set; }
}

Services＞UserService.cs

public async Task<IActionResult> UpdateUser(UpdateUserDto updateUser)
{
    var user = _context.UserProfiles.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Email.Equals(updateUser.Email));
    if (user != null) 
    {
        if (user.Username != null)
        {
            user.Username = updateUser.Username;
        }
        if (user.Phone != null)
        {
            user.Phone = updateUser.Phone;
        }
        user.Updated_At = DateTime.Now;
    }
    try
    {
        await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
    }
    catch
    {
        return new JsonResult(new { status = "1" });
    }
    return new JsonResult(new { status = "0" });
}